巧学初三定语从句
初中阶段，定语从句可以说是一个难点。陕西中考对于定语从句的考察主要在关系代词的应用上，比较简单，但是学好定语从句能够帮助我们更好的去理解文章，尤其是出现长难句时。本期我们就来看看定语从句的用法。
一、定义
修饰名词或代词的句子叫做定语从句
二、基本概念
【先行词】：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
【关系词】：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词在定语从句中的作用
连接作用：连接先行词和定语从句。
替代作用：在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的'先行词。因此当我们要判断关系词在从句中的成分时，只需要把先行词带入从句即可。（因此当关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词应与先行词的人称和数保持一致）
成分作用:在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。
三、用法
关系代词的用法
who指人，在定语从句中做主语。
What was the name ofthe manwholent you the money?
借钱给你的那人叫什么名字？
在口语或非正式文体中，“who”也可在从句中做宾语。
The musicianwhothey are talking about is very famous.
whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语。
The peoplewhomI work with are all friendly.
和我一起工作的人都很友好。
which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。做宾语时常可省略。
English isa languagewhichis easy to learn.
that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或宾语
The manthatItalked with just now is a doctor.Ilostthe bookthatIbought last week.
whose人、物皆可，做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词，先行词和后面的名词之间往往是从属关系。
There are somepeople whose faces you can never forget.有些人，他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。
总结
在从句中做定语，先行词是人时用：who,whom, that；先行词是物时：which, that；whose,
注意：只用that的情况
当先行词为everything, anything, nothing, all, none, few, little等词时，或当先行词被every, any, all, ome, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。Everything that they said was true.
当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
The first place (that) they visited in London was the Big Ben.
当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。
This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy.
当先行词为who或前面有who, which等疑问代词时。
Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense?
先行词在定语从句中做表语时。
She is no longer the sweet girl (that) she used to be.
当先行词既有人又有物时。
The driver and his car that fell into the river have not yet been discovered.
关系副词的用法
引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where或why。when, where, why分别在定语从句中作状语，在意义上相当于介词+which结构，分别代替表示时间、地点或原因的先行词。
when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still rememberthe daywhenI first came to this school.
where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
I recently went back tothe townwhereI was born.
why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
Please tell methereasonwhyyou missed the plane.
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