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专业英语四级听力练习VOA常速

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2017年专业英语四级听力练习VOA常速

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2017年专业英语四级听力练习VOA常速

  Anti-Ebola Compounds Show Promise

  While the West Africa Ebola epidemic is believed to be winding-down, the search for new treatments and vaccines is not. One study is a U.S./Serbian effort to find an effective anti-Ebola drug.

  Last September, there were some dire warnings that West Africa Ebola cases could eventually number between 500,000 and one and a half million. Fortunately, that did not happen. But the biggest Ebola outbreak ever did infect about 27,000 people and killed more than 11,000. And after more than a year, it’s still not over. While Liberia has been declared Ebola-free, Sierra Leone and Guinea have not.

  So health and government officials say better ways to prevent or contain another outbreak are very much needed. A number of vaccine trials continue and different drugs are being tested.

  For example, the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency and the Serbian Ministry of Science and Technical Development have provided funding to study a small class of molecules known as diazachrysenes.Initial research shows that most of the mice “that received one of three experimental compounds survived infection and did not show any side effects.”

  One of the researchers is Bogdan Solaja, professor of organic chemistry at the University of Belgrade. He said, “There are several chemo types, several classes of compounds which are actually today known to be active against Ebola. But from being active against Ebola to being a drug is a long, long way.”

  Every step in researching a new drug, he said, is elementary.

  “Our compounds, more or less, behave good in mice. I mean they cure some mice up to 90 percent as it is presented in this publication.”

  The findings appear in the journal ACS Infectious Diseases.

  But even though the results are very good, there’s more that needs to be known. Are these compounds toxic? Solaja said they are not. Can they cause changes in a patient’s body, affecting DNA, for example? Something called mutagenesis. The researcher said they know the answer, but cannot reveal it at this time.

  “The compounds are water soluble as salts and they can be administered in [a] water solution. And that is quite good, although they are usually administered in [a] water / DMSO mixture,” he said.

  DMSO – dimethyl sulfoxide – is a by-product of the wood industry and has been used as solvent. It’s been mixed with other substances to help them absorb faster.

  Solaja said the goal is to have an Ebola drug that can be used the way HIV and malaria drugs are now administered.

  “We want to have a drug which could be a prophylactic and which could treat the animal, which already got Ebola.”

  HIV and malaria drugs are now used to prevent infection – and continue to be used if an infection has already occurred.

  Despite the initial and very encouraging success, the professor said the drug will not be on the market soon.

  “Average time from starting good results until market is about 10 years,” he said.

  Solaja and his colleagues are working with researchers at Fort Detrick in the U.S. state of Maryland. It’s home to the Army Medical Research and Materiel Command and the former site of the U.S. biological weapons program. Some of the most dangerous organisms to humans are studied there in underground labs.

  词汇解析

  legislation

  难度:3星常用词汇,属常用6000词

  英汉解释

  n.法律;法规;立法

  参考例句

  用作名词 (n.)

  The government will introduce legislation to restrict the sale of firearms.

  政府将制定法规限制枪。

  The conservationists will not take kindly to the legislation.

  自然资源保护论者对这项立法不会做出善意的反应。

  ************************

  export

  难度:4星核心词汇,属常用3000词

  英汉解释

  n.输出;出口;输出品;输出存储器的信息

  v.输出;出口;带走,运走;从存储器输出信息

  参考例句

  用作名词 (n.)

  Consultancy, insurance and tourism are also parts of the export trade.

  咨询,保险及旅游也是出口贸易的一部分。

  用作动词 (v.)

  The blood can also export waste products from the tissues.

  血液还能从身体组织里输出废物。

  ************************

  workshop

  难度:3星常用词汇,属常用6000词

  英汉解释

  n.工场;车间;研讨会;讲习班

  参考例句

  用作名词 (n.)

  The workshop has shut down and the workers are unemployed.

  工厂关闭后工人失业了。

  She is studying in a theatre workshop.

  她正在戏剧讲习班学习。

  ************************

  textile

  难度:3星常用词汇,属常用6000词

  英汉解释

  n.纺织品

  参考例句

  用作名词 (n.)

  He intends to retail textile goods.

  他打算零售纺织品。

  ************************

  cargo

  难度:4星核心词汇,属常用3000词

  英汉解释

  n.货物;船货

  参考例句

  用作名词 (n.)

  The ship is discharging the cargo.

  船正在卸货。

  This port handles 100 million tons of cargo each year.

  这个港口每年货物吞吐量达1亿吨。

  ************************

  regarding

  英汉解释

  prep.关于;至于

  参考例句

  用作介词 (prep.)

  She said nothing regarding your request.

  她对你的'要求只字不提。

  I care about nothing regarding my future career.

  至于未来,我一点儿也不关心。

  ************************

  peak

  难度:4星核心词汇,属常用3000词

  英汉解释

  n.尖端;山顶;顶峰

  v.达到顶峰;使处于顶点

  vi.消瘦

  参考例句

  用作名词 (n.)

  In Yersa I noticed a spike on the peak of the pyramid-shaped roof of a church.

  在叶拉萨村,我发现一座教堂的金字塔屋顶的尖端有一颗尖钉。

  用作动词 (v.)

  Primary school enrolment will peak this year.

  今年小学入学人数将达到最高峰。

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