万圣节的习俗英文

万圣节的习俗英文

　　万圣节是诸圣节(All Saints’ Day)的俗称，本是天主教等基督宗教的宗教节日，时间是11月1日。以下是小编跟大家分享的关于万圣节习俗的英语介绍，一起来看看吧!

　　【万圣节习俗介绍】

　　DRESSING IN COSTUMES

　　Dressing in masks and costumes is a popular Halloween activity.

　　Costumes can be traditional and scary, such as a witch’s pointy hat and black gown. Costumes may also have a modern flavor.

　　Many children dress up as movie characters or a favorite superhero.

　　But Halloween is not just for children. Many adults enjoy showing off their costumes at Halloween parties!

　　TRICK-OR-TREATING

　　Once in costume, children go from house to house saying “Trick or treat!” In the past, children might play a “trick” on people who did not give treats.

　　They might pelt houses with eggs or old tomatoes, or play other pranks. Today, children’s cries of “Trick or treat!” are usually rewarded with candy.

　　HOW HALLOWEEN GOT STARTED

　　One of the oldest Halloween traditions comes from the ancient Celts, who lived in western and central Europe long ago. The Celts celebrated a holiday called Samhain on October 31.

　　After sunset that day, people believed that spirits of the dead would rise and walk the earth.

　　The Celts made offerings of food and drink to keep the spirits away.

　　Beginning about 2,000 years ago, the Roman Empire conquered many Celtic peoples. But Celtic traditions, including Samhain, remained strong in areas such as Ireland and Scotland, even after the Roman conquest.

　　The Roman Catholic Church tried to replace Samhain in 835 with All Saints’ Day, a day to honor saints of the Church.

　　The eve of All Saints’ Day is October 31. It is called Allhallows or Hallowmas by the Church.

　　HOW DID HALLOWEEN COME TO AMERICA?

　　Halloween first came to America with early settlers from Celtic areas in Europe, such as Ireland and Scotland.

　　But other American settlers with strict religious beliefs, including the Puritans from England, rejected Halloween.

　　The arrival of many Irish immigrants during the 1800s helped spread Halloween’s popularity.

　　But by the late 1800s, fewer people believed in ancient superstitions of ghosts and witches.

　　Halloween became more a holiday for children to receive treats and dress in costume.

　　【万圣节的知识】

　　1. The Halloween celebration comes from All Hallows Day or All Saints Day, the 1st of November. This was originally a pagan festival of the dead, but later became a holiday to honor Christian saints.

　　万圣节的庆祝活动来源于每年11月1日的All Hallows Day 或All Saints Day. 它原先是异教徒们纪念死者的节日，但是逐渐演变成一个纪念基督圣者的节日。

　　2. The name Halloween comes from a contractionof All Hallows Eve (Evening)， the day before All Hallows Day. On this night it was believed that the spirits of the dead would try to come back to life!

　　Halloween就是All Hallows Eve的缩写。而All Hallows Eve(夜晚)是All Hallows Day 的前一天。人们认为在当天晚上，亡者的灵魂会重新复活!

　　3. Popular Halloween costumes include vampires (creatures that drink blood)， ghosts (spirits of the dead) and werewolves (people that turn into wolves when the moon is full).

　　流行的万圣节服装包括vampires(吸血鬼)， ghosts(死者的灵魂)和werewolves(每当月圆时就变成狼形的人)。

　　4. Dressing up in costumes is one of the most popular Halloween customs, especially among children. According to tradition, people would dress up in costumes (wear special clothing, masks or disguises) to frighten the spirits away。

　　Dressing up in costumes是最受欢迎的万圣节风俗之一，尤其是受孩子们的欢迎。按照传统习俗，人们会dress up in costumes(穿戴一些特別的服裝，面具或者装饰)来吓跑鬼魂。

　　5. Trick or Treat is a modern Halloween custom where children go from house to house dressed in costume, asking for treats like candy or toys. If they dont get any treats, they might play a trick (mischief or prank) on the owners of the house.

　　Trick or Treat 是现代万圣节的风俗。孩子们穿着特殊的衣服走街串巷，讨取糖果和玩具之类的赏赐。如果他们得不到任何的赏赐，就可能会对屋主大搞恶作剧或者胡闹了。

　　6. There are many other superstitions associated with Halloween. A superstitionis an irrational idea, like believing that the numer 13 is unlucky!

　　和万圣节有关的迷信还有很多。迷信是一种不合常理的想法，比如认为13是不吉利的数字!

　　7. The tradition of the Jack o Lantern comes from a folktale about a man named Jack who tricked the devil and had to wander the Earth with a lantern. The Jack o Lantern is made by placing a candle inside a hollowed-out pumpkin, which is carved to look like a face。

　　Jack o Lantern 的传统来自于一个民间传说。一个名叫Jack的人戏弄了恶魔，之后就不得不提着一盏灯在地球上流浪。Jack o Lantern是用雕刻成脸型，中间挖空，再插上蜡烛的南瓜做成的。

　　8. Witches are popular Halloween characters that are thought to have magical powers. They usually wear pointed hats and fly around on broomsticks.

　　女巫是万圣节很受欢迎的人物，人们认为她们具有强大的魔力。他们通常戴着尖顶的帽子，骑在扫把上飞来飞去。

　　9. Halloween is also associated with supernatural creatures like ghosts and vampires. These creatures are not part of the natural world. They dont really exist... or do they?

　　万圣节还和一些诸如鬼魂和吸血鬼之类的超自然的生物有关。这些生物不是自然界的一部分。他们实际上是不存在的....。.或许他们其实真的存在?

　　10. Bad omens are also part of Halloween celebrations. A bad omen is something that is believed to bring bad luck, like black cats, spiders or bats。

　　恶兆也是万圣节庆祝活动的一部分。人们相信恶兆会带给坏运气，黑猫、蜘蛛或者蝙蝠都算是恶兆。

　　万圣节的由来英文简介

　　One story about Jack，an Irishman，who was not allowed into Heaven because he was stingy with his money.

　　So he was sent to hell. But down there he played tricks on the Devil (Satan)， so he was kicked out of Hell and made to walk the earth forever carrying a lantern.

　　Well，Irish children made Jacks lanterns on October 31stfroma large potato or turnip， hollowed out with the sides having holes and lit by little candles inside.

　　And Irish children would carry them as they wentfromhouse to house begging for food for the village Halloween festival that honored the Druid god Muck Olla.

　　The Irish namefor these lanterns was "Jack with the lantern" or "Jack of the lantern，" abbreviated as " Jack-o-lantern" and now spelled "jack-o-lantern."The traditional Halloween you can read about in most books was just childrens fun night.

　　Halloween celebrations would start in October in every elementary school.

　　历史发展

　　Ancient

　　远古时期

　　Shades: Throughout ancient history, Shades meant the spirit of a dead person, residing in the underworld.

　　幽灵：远古时期，人们认为幽灵是生活在地下世界的死者的灵魂。

　　Carving gourds into elaborately decorated lanterns dates back thousands of years to Africa.

　　将葫芦精雕细刻、做成灯笼的习俗可追溯到几千年前的非洲。

　　800-450 B.C.

　　公元前800-450年

　　The ancient Celts believed that wearing masks would ward off evil spirits.

　　古凯尔特人相信戴上面具可以避开邪灵。

　　Pre-1st Century

　　1世纪前

　　Samhain: The Festival of Samhain is a celebration of theendof the Gaelic harvest season.

　　死神节：盖尔人(苏格兰和爱尔兰的凯尔特人)庆祝丰收季节结束的节日。

　　1st Century

　　1世纪

　　Gaels believed that the border between this world and the otherworld became thin on Sambain; because animals and plants were dying, it allowed the dead to reach back through the veil that separated themfromthe living.

　　盖尔人相信，在死神节，现世与冥界的边界会逐渐消失。动物和植物纷纷死去，而死者将穿过把他们同生者隔开的幕布重回世间。

　　Bonfires played a major role in the Festival of Samhain. Celebrants wore costumes, mostly skins and animal heads, and danced around bonfires.

　　篝火对于死神节来说是必不可少的。参加庆典的人们穿上动物的皮毛和头颅做成的服装，围着篝火舞蹈。

　　By A.D. 43, Romans had conquered much of Celtic territory. Two Roman festivalswere combined with the Celtic celebration of Samhain: Feralia, a day in late October when Romans commemorated the passing of the dead, and a day to honor Pomona, Roman goddess of fruit and trees.

　　公元43年，罗马人占领了凯尔特人的大部分领土，并将两个罗马节日与死神节的传统结合起来：一个是纪念死者的Feralia节(十月末的一天)，另一个是纪念罗马的果树女神Pomona的节日。

　　Werewolf: The original werewolf of classical mythology, Lycaon, a king of Arcadia who, according to Ovids Metamorphoses, was turned into a ravenous wolf by Zeus. Possibly the source of the term lycanthropy.

　　狼人：古罗马诗人奥维德在他的《变形记》中描绘了古典神话中狼人的原型——阿卡迪亚王吕卡翁，由于触怒天神宙斯而被变成了一匹狼。也许“变狼妄想狂”一词就是来源于这个故事。

　　3rd Century

　　3世纪

　　In the Roman Catholic church,a commemoration of "All Martyrs" was celebrated between mid April and early May.

　　在每年四月中旬到五月初这段时间，罗马天主教会庆祝一个名为“众殉道者节”的纪念性节日。

　　7th Century

　　7世纪

　　The festival of All Siants dates to May 13 in 609 or 610, when Pope Boniface IVconsecrated the Pantheon at Rome.

　　公元609或610年，教皇卜尼法斯四世为罗马万神殿祝圣，并将5月13日定为“众圣人节”。

　　This date was an ancient pagan observation, theendof the Feast of the Lemures, in which the evil and restless spirits of all the dead were appeased.

　　这一节期原本是古老的异教节日——勒姆瑞斯(夜游魂)节的末尾，在这一节日期间人们试图安抚那些邪恶且永不安宁的亡魂。

　　8th Century

　　8世纪

　　Pope Gregory III designated November 1st All Saints Day, a time to honor saints and martyrs.

　　教皇格列高利三世将每年11月1日定为“众圣人节”，以此纪念圣人和殉道者。

　　Many believe the pope was attempting to replace the Celtic festival of the dead with a related, but church-sanctioned holiday.

　　人们相信，教皇此举是为了用一个教会认可的节日来替代凯尔特的亡者之节日。

　　Saint Boniface declared that belief in the existence of witches was un-Christian.

　　圣卜尼法斯(680-754，本笃会修士，美因茨大主教)宣布，相信女巫的存在是不合基督教教义的。

　　10th Century

　　10世纪

　　The Catholic church made November 2nd All Souls Day, a day to honor the dead.

　　天主教会将每年11月2日定为“万灵节”，以纪念死者。

　　The three Catholic celebrations, the eve of All Saints, All Saints, and All Souls, were called Hallowmas.

　　至此，天主教的三大节日——众圣人节前夜，众圣人节，万灵节，被统称为“Hallowmas”(即“万圣节”之意)。

　　Middle Ages

　　中世纪

　　Carved turnips in Ireland and Scotland are used as candle lanterns in windows to ward off harmful spirits.

　　在爱尔兰和苏格兰，人们将芜菁(形似萝卜)雕刻成灯笼放在窗台上，以此抵挡邪灵。

　　Soul cakes, often simply referred to as souls, were given out to soulers (mainly consisting of children and the poor) who would gofromdoor to door on Hallowmas singing and saying prayers for the dead. Each cake eaten would represent a soul being freedfromPurgatory.

　　另一项传统习俗涉及“灵魂饼”：在万圣节期间，小孩和穷人会挨家挨户地唱歌并为死者祈祷，人们则给他们一种被称作“灵魂饼”的点心作为报酬。据说每吃掉一个“灵魂饼”，就会有一个灵魂被从炼狱中拯救出来。