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英语语法省略详解

时间:2017-05-31 10:00:52 综合英语 我要投稿

英语语法省略详解

  想要学好外语怎么能不知道英语中的省略呢?下面就让小编为大家详解一下吧。

  为了避免重复,句子,中某些部分常可省略。句子常可省略的有下列各部分:

  1)省掉主语(多限于少数现成说法)

  Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。

  See you tomorrow.明天见。

  2)省掉谓语动词和表语等

  a)省掉谓语动词

  Some of us study Russian,others English.我们有的学俄语,有的学英语。(others后省掉study)

  He got up earlier than I today.他今天起得比我早。(I后省掉got up)

  On the right hand of Tian'anmen Square stands the Great Hall of the People,and on the left,the Museum of

  Chinese history ***广场的右边是人民大会堂,左边是中国历史博物馆。

  (On the left后省掉stands)

  b)省掉连系动词

  Ma Lin is a bus-driver,his wife a conductor.马林是女共汽车司机,他的妻子是售票员。(his wife后省掉is)

  His face is tanned and his hands big and strong.他的脸晒得很黑,他的双手大而有力。(hands后省掉are)

  Gold is more expensive than silver.金子比银子更贵重。(silver后省掉is)

  She is as tall as I.她和我一般高。(I后省掉am)

  Are you ready? -Yes,I am.你准备好了吗?——是,准备好了。(am后省掉ready)

  3)同时省掉句子几个部分有时好几个句子成分都被省掉,特别在表示比较的状语从句中,在对疑问句的简略回答中,以及在反意疑

  问句或选择疑问句中。如:

  In winter it is colder in Beijing than in Guangzhou.北京的冬天比广州冷。(than后省略 it is)

  She pledged herself to complete her father's unfinished task,whatever the cost.她立誓不管付出多大代价,也要完成

  她父亲未完成的`事业。(the cost之后省略主语和谓语动词it was)

  When did you read the play?——Long age.(= I read it long ago.)你什么时候读的这个剧本?——很久以前。

  Have you ever been to xinjiang? ——Never.(= I have never been there.)你到过新疆吗?——从来没有。

  You are a repair worker,aren't you?(=aren't you a repair worker?)你是修理工,不是吗?

  Has he gone or not?(= Has he gone or has he not gone?)他走了没有?

  [注一]在if, when,though,as,as if(好像)等连词引导的从句中,如果从句中的主要动词是be,可以将主语和动词be省掉。

  如:When you do this exercise,make changes in the sentence structure when (if) necessary.做这个练习时,必要时可以改动

  句子结构。(when或it之后省掉it is)

  He is very good at painting,though very young.(= though he is very young)他虽然年纪很轻,但很会画画。

  The boy looked as if afraid of nothing·( = as if he were afraid of nothing)那男孩看来好像什么都不怕。

  上述例句中的省略从句,除if (when) necessary等成语外,其主语均须和主句的主语相同。

  [注二]在下面的句子中,动词不定式符号to的后面省去了动词原形及其以后的部分。如:

  You may go with them if you want to.你愿意的话,也可以和他们一起去。(to后省去go with them)

  Will you be able to come? -I'd love to. But I'm busy.你来吗?——我倒很想来,可是我现在有事。(to后省去come)

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