托福考试写作拿高分的秘诀

　　在托福考试的写作部分拿到高分是很多考生都希望的，这就需要考生多掌握写作的高分秘诀了。下面小编将为你推荐托福考试写作拿高分的实用秘诀，希望能够帮到你!

托福写作

　　托福写作高分的诀窍：学会举例论证

　　在备考托福写作的过程中，不少拿不到写作高分的中国学生遇到的问题不是看不懂题目，也不是想不到理由，甚至也不是写不到300字(我见过有学生写了470字，却只得了fair)，而是不会论证。"不会论证"这四个字几乎就是托福写作的死穴。考官们反复强调fully developed的重要性，说的也就是这个理儿。论证的主要方法有直接论证、举例子、引用他人观点和数据等等。在这里，最适合中国学生操作，也是最容易得高分的就是举例子了。

　　然而，举例子这个方法向来不为中国学生所重视。因为对于大多数学生来说，举例子实在是太容易不过了，只要写上for example之类的提示词，再写上人尽皆知的诸如Einstein, Newton之类的例子就万事大吉了。而事实上，这样的例子考官早已经看过成百上千遍了，怎么可能再给高分呢?

　　因此，要想举出高分的例子，最好是写两种例子：

　　1)美国人所熟知的历史、文化的例子，但一定要有一些新意，不是讲烂了的Galileo, Mother Teresa之流

　　2)讲自己身边的故事。

　　这是考生能够选用第一种例子，用得恰当的话自然能让考官眼前为之一亮。例如在讨论媒体对人们的影响时，选用美国人所熟知的脱口秀女王Oprah Winfrey作为例子。或是在讨论学生是否都应该学习历史的时候，选用美国历史上知名的总统，如Thomas Jefferson, Herbert Hoover等进行论证都非常好。这样做既进行了有效论证，又不落入俗套。然而，举这类例子对于考生考前的积累要求比较高。如果距离考试还有三个月或以上的时间，我建议考生可以在考前多准备一些类似的人物或事件的例子，以备考试之用。在这里，推荐给大家几个参考的网站：维基百科，纽约时报，华尔街日报，和 American thinker，这些都是很好的收集素材的网站。

　　对于大多数备考时间比较紧的考生来说，花大量的时间去准备第一种例子显得有些不太划算。因此，性价比比较高的第二种例子更适合于备考时间比较短的考生。托福考试仅仅是语言能力考试，只要能用恰当的例子论述清楚问题就可以，因此用自己或身边人的例子对于考官来说也有很大的说服力。

　　有的考生仍然会问，那我身边没有那么多的例子可以用怎么办?这个时候，对待考官就不能这么"死心眼"了，就要学会"编例子"。但是"编例子"也要有技巧，也要让考官信服，绝非信口胡编。在这里介绍三个小技巧，帮助你把例子编得更生动。

　　1) 加上姓名、时间、地点等

　　很多中国学生在写例子的时候会使用"比如说有一个人……"这样的表达。这样的表达看起来底气不足，且中式思维严重，很难受到考官青睐。考生完全可以改用另外的表达"我有一个朋友叫Peter，他在两年前做了XX事……"这样写就看起来舒服多了。在叙述个人类例子的时候，尽量使用具体的人名、地名和时间。这样能使你的例子看上去更丰满、富有细节，也更像真实的事件，有说服力。

　　2) 与论点结合，写出XX之前和XX之后的变化

　　需要特别注意的是，例子一定是为论证服务的，绝不能脱离主题举例子。有的考生非常心醉于自己编出来的故事，但是却忘了自己在写托福作文，这个故事并不能证明你的观点，那这样的文章得不到高分一点也不奇怪。

　　这里的XX指的是论点中的主题词。例如在写机经中的一个题目：公共交通是否应该免费时，有一个分论点是公共交通免费以后，私家车会减少，这样尾气排放得少了，环境也就变好了。这里的主题词就是私家车的数量，例子就可以写成N年前私家车很少，环境很好，然后私家车变多以后，环境就变差了。

　　例子可写成：10 years ago, in my childhood memory, the city which I live in now is one of the most beautiful cities I have ever seen. The blue sky and the clean water were quite impressive to me. However, 3 years ago, when I came back to this city again, I was astonished by those changes. The city developed rapidly during those days. There are far more private cars than years ago on the road every day. On average, every household has one or two cars. The city may be described as "developed" now, while the sky here is never as clear as ever.

　　这个例子当中所用的词汇、句型基本都是中学所学过的。但是其中用到了我们刚才所谈的.第一个技巧，加上了时间细节，也用到了第二个技巧，扣紧了主题，说明了有私家车变多之前和之后的变化。这个例子看上去文采平实，但却符合托福考试的评分规范，单就这个例子而言，就是可以得到4~5分的高分的(满分5分)。

　　3) 写完例子以后，一定要再结合论点论证说理

　　这一点不难理解，却是很多考生所忽视的。再强调一遍，例子的存在是为了更好地论证论点，因此在写完例子以后，需要再加上至少1~2句话重申一下你的论点。例如上文中出现的例子，写完之后，还应再加上If the amount of the cars can be reduced, I believe it will further improve the environment here, and be beneficial to all the citizens here as well. And The free payment of pubic transportation will make this come true.这样就是一个完整的论述段了。

　　如果考生们可以掌握上述的三个技巧，就可以写出一篇内容充实又论证有力的托福高分作文的。当然，大家要牢记熟能生巧这四个字，然后多多练习，这样才能在考试中无往不利。

　　托福写作高分的三个重要原则

　　1. Write a topic sentence for each paragraph you plan to write. Each topic sentence should relate to your thesis statement and introduce what the paragraph will be about. If you find that the topics you want to discuss do not support the thesis statement you have written, revise your thesis statement or reconsider your topic sentences.

　　(每个主体段都必须有一个明确的主题句)

　　2. Write ideas that support your topic sentences. The topic sentence for each paragraph tells the reader what the paragraph will be about. The ideas stated in the rest of the paragraph should all relate to the topic sentence.

　　(支持句必须围绕主题句展开)

　　根据第2条的原则,我们来看看下面这个主体段：

　　Hobbies are important for many reasons. First, a hobby can be educational. For example, if the hobby is stamp collecting, the person can learn about the countries of the world and even some of their history. Second, engaging in a hobby can lead to meeting other people with the same interests. A person can also meet other people by going to the school. Third, a persons free time is being used in a positive way. The person has no time to be bored or get into mischief while engaged in the hobby. Finally, some hobbies can lead to a future job. A person who enjoys a hobby-related job is more satisfied with life.

　　这段话的topic sentence很明显-Hobbies are important for many reasons,之后的支持句从三方面阐述hobby的重要性(first, second, third),但段中这句话A person can also meet other people by going the school与hobby重要的原因没有关系,因此削弱了整个段落的连贯性与统一性,应该被去掉。

　　3. Add details. To write a more fully developed paragraph, you need to add details to your supporting ideas. Your details can be facts, examples, personal experiences, or descriptions.

　　(需要用多种方式提供细节展开段落)

　　The Smithsonian Institution is worth visiting for a number of reasons. The Smithsonian Institution comprises various museums that offer something for everyone. These museums include the National Museum of History and Technology, the National Aeronautics and Space Museum, the National Collection of Fine Arts, the National Museum of Natural History, and several others. A person can do more than just look at the exhibits. For example, in the insect zoo at the National Museum of Natural History, anyone who so desires can handle some of the exhibits. The museums provide unforgettable experiences. In climbing through the Skylab exhibit at the National Aeronautics and Space Museum, I was able to imagine what it would be like to be an astronaut in space. Movies shown at regular intervals aid in building an appreciation of our world. In the National Aeronautics and Space Museum, there is a theater that has a large screen. When the movie is shown, it gives the viewer the feeling that he or she is in the movie itself, either floating above the Earth in a hot-air balloon or hang gliding over cliffs.

　　这是一个成功的主题段,请注意这段话段落细节展开的几种形式-提供事实、举例、个人经历和描述。我们把这个段落拆分后进行分析：

　　Topic sentence(主题句)

　　The Smithsonian Institution is worth visiting for a number of reasons.

　　Supporting idea 1(支持理由1)

　　The Smithsonian Institution comprises various museums that offer something for everyone.

　　Details – facts(细节展开-提供事实)

　　These museums include the National Museum of History and Technology, the National Aeronautics and Space Museum, the National Collection of Fine Arts, the National Museum of Natural History, and several others.

　　Supporting idea 2(支持理由2)

　　A person can do more than just look at the exhibits.

　　Details – examples(细节展开-举例)

　　For example, in the insect zoo at the National Museum of Natural History, anyone who so desires can handle some of the exhibits.

　　Supporting idea 3(支持理由3)

　　The museums provide unforgettable experiences.

　　Details – personal experience(细节展开-个人经历)

　　In climbing through the Skylab exhibit at the National Aeronautics and Space Museum, I was able to imagine what it would be like to be an astronaut in space.

　　Supporting idea 4(支持理由4)

　　Movies shown at regular intervals aid in building an appreciation of our world.

　　Details – description(细节展开-描述)

　　In the National Aeronautics and Space Museum, there is a theater that has a large screen. When the movie is shown, it gives the viewer the feeling that he or she is in the movie itself, either floating above the Earth in a hot-air balloon or hang gliding over cliffs.

　　托福写作高分练习素材：出国留学经历的利弊分析

　　The independent essay usually asks for your opinion about a familiar topic. You will have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your response. Typically, a good essay for the independent topic will require that you write 300–350 words.

　　Question:

　　You are planning to study abroad. What do you think you will like and dislike about this experience? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

　　参考分析：

　　本题要求考生通过定位，概括和分类仔细审题，就某个问题写一篇感想，或就一个事件进行阐述，解释以及论证自己的观点，列出提纲明确主题并围绕主题来写作和修改文章。

　　My mother once told me that she could always find my eyes shining at the mention of going abroad for further education. There is no denying the fact that I have strong desire of my oversea trip and have planed of it for a long period since I began my high school time. In fact, I am only a typical example of those young students who have the some dream. A result of recent survey, released by a famous magazine in my hometown showed that more than 72 percent local high school students has pleasant association with studying abroad. Anyway, such decisions can benefit a young man a great deal while it is not without its problems.

　　Will oversea colleges and universities, especially those in America, provide Chinese student a more refined education? The data I select over this year leads to me believe that the answer is undoubtedly positive, since those abroad universities, which enjoy high reputations world-widely, have faculty and advanced facility. It is the education with totally different conceptions that will exert positively influence on one by widening his or her horizon, whereby he/she can put him/herself in a favorable position in the future job markets.

　　Secondly, which is another conspicuous advantage of the oversea life, it can bring one friends from a variety of countries. Seldom can one have an adjust judgement to a remote nation without consorting with the people from that area. As my cousin, who has been living in England for over seven years, pointed out, she learns a lot from her foreign friends.

　　However, we immature students should be blind to the dilemma we may face toward in the future. Living in a foreign country means one should try hard to adapt him/herself to a new environment and, in addition, probably have to suffer from the segregation with family.

　　After the both sides of abroad life are viewed, it is time to draw my conclusion. In short, the study in a foreign university will be a precious experience to a young man as long as he/she can overcome the difficulty he/she may encounter.

【托福考试写作拿高分的秘诀】相关文章：