雅思考试首段写作的小诀窍

　　在雅思考试中，掌握一些首段开头的小诀窍是有助于考生取得高分的。下面就让百分网小编给大家分享雅思考试首段写作的几个简单小诀窍吧，希望能对你有帮助!

　　雅思考试首段写作的小妙招

　　一、开头结构三步走

　　Background information

　　Issue under discussion

　　Personal idea (这也是我们常说的thesis statement)

　　Prediction (对文章总体内容的预测，不强求考生在考试时候写)

　　在这个必写的前三点中，很多学生会发现背景信息无从下手，不知道怎么写。于是，有了模板，就将题目里面的话硬生生地套进去了。当然，我们发现了一个有趣的现象，那就是，有的学生用固定句型套进去后得了高分，有的则相反，为什么会出现这种情况，我们将在其他的博文中提到。今天，我们将重点落在如何写background information上。要写好Background information 首先要在审题的时候搞清楚什么是facts，什么是 view，分清这两点是我们写好开头的，包括全文正文议论部分的重点。

　　二、示例

　　Example 1：

　　Some say that building more roads will help reduce the traffic congestion in big cities. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this. Do you support or oppose this statement?

　　Example 2：

　　In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this.

　　例1：

　　这句话“Some say that building more roads will help reduce the traffic congestion in big cities.”是一个观点。其中say告诉我们，这个是个人持有的想法，而且是可以提出反对意见并对其进行批驳的，因此也被称为debatable statement。

　　表示提出观点的同义词有：think, believe, hold, maintain, state, claim, present, support, be in favor of, be for, be opposite to, object to, be against…

　　在开头段中要求给出的background information应该是一个事实信息，因此，在例1中，我们不可以通过照抄题目，当作background information。所谓的背景信息，你只要问自己一个问题，即：“在一个怎么样的社会环境下产生了一个有争议的话题”。回答了这个问题，background information就出来了。

　　例1 中给出“有些人认为建更多的道路能减缓大城市交通拥堵状况。”提出这个观点的`前提是存在交通拥堵情况，并且很严重，需要解决。交通拥堵情况的产生的根源是大量使用汽车、或者是道路规划存在问题等，因此这些就是这个话题的前提，也就是在这个背景下，产生了这个话题，因此background information就应运而生了。比如我们可以写成：

　　Sample 1:

　　With the popularity of automobile in big cities, an increasing number of problems have arisen, one of which is the traffic congestion.

　　在内容有了之后，我们就要开始追求词汇和句型了，paraphrase是重要技巧之一。全篇文章中要做paraphrase 的地方很多，比如如何阐述要讨论的话题，body部分的concluding sentence，结尾段的restatement of the thesis statement; summarize the topic sentences. 包括在小作文中也很重要。我们也会在之后的博文中重点讨论如何paraphrase。

　　以上这个句子，我们也可以扩展成以下语义更复杂的句子：

　　Sample 2:

　　When technology accelerates, an inevitable consequence brought with it is the unprecedented problems arising from it. Similarly, the enjoyment of automobile in modern cities also leaves people an ever intricate problem---the traffic congestion.

　　例2:

　　题目给出“在一些国家，年轻人被鼓励在高中毕业和大学之间，花一年的时间来工作或旅游。”这个就被称为了non-debatable statement，因为这个做法已经存在，也没法去反驳，因此是个事实信息。我们就可以直接把它拿来做背景了。完全照抄是不得不到高分的，paraphrase和sentence variety的功力就要体现在这里了，参考Sample：

　　Sample1:

　　Instead of directly attending university after the graduation from high school, youngsters in some countries are encouraged to spend one year working or travelling around first.

　　Sample 2:

　　There is a tendency that high school graduates are urged to work or travel for one year before their receiving higher education.

　　因此，认真审题，分清fact和opinion在写作中是至关重要的。

　　雅思写作必备模板

　　1.the table shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to... 该表格描述了在...年之...年间...数量的变化。

　　2.the bar chart illustrates that... 该柱状图展示了...

　　3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding... 该图为我们提供了有关...有趣数据。

　　4.the diagram shows (that)... 该图向我们展示了...

　　5.the pie graph depicts (that).... 该圆形图揭示了...

　　6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of... 这个曲线图描述了...的趋势。

　　7.the figures/statistics show (that)... 数据(字)表明...

　　8.the tree diagram reveals how... 该树型图向我们揭示了如何...

　　9.the data/statistics show (that)... 该数据(字)可以这样理解...

　　10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that... 这些数据资料令我们得出结论...

　　雅思写作话题资料：是否应该让孩子多看电视

　　Some people believe that it is beneficial for children to spend time on TV, video and PC games, while some hold the opposite view. Talk about these two views and give your own opinion.

　　When it comes to whether children shall spend their spare time watching TV, video and playing PC games, people’s opinions diverse greatly. Some say it is basically a waste of children’s time, while others argue that children can benefit a lot from such activities.

　　It is firmly maintained by many parents and teachers that children’s main purpose is to pursue outstanding academic achievements at school. To beat their competitors, they must make the best use of every precious minute. Therefore, they can not afford to indulge themselves before the “idiot box” as TV or in playing the senseless virtual games. Moreover, watching TV and playing PC games are addictive for many poorly-disciplined children, consuming their interest in study and eroding their academic aspirations.

　　However, many other people hold different views, arguing that if properly guided and supervised, children can expand vision and knowledge as well as foster their creativity from those fun activities. There are many educational programs on TV such as Discovery which feed children extensive knowledge in science and arts. By sparking children’s interest and imagination in various topics, these programs are often more enlightening than textbooks. Furthermore, when playing PC games, children can foster a stronger sense of cooperation as well as competition, and sharpening their mind against possible risks in the real world. Last but not least, watching cartoons and science fiction movies definitely stimulates children’s imagination and creativity. Many youngsters have been inspired to come up with novel inventions of become engineering elites in later life exactly with the inspirations from those sources.

　　From the above discussion, it is evident that if children can balance their study and fun time properly, watching TV, video programs and playing PC games will unquestionably bring them more benefits than harm. After all, books are not the only source of useful knowledge; in order to grow healthily in modern times, children need to accumulate knowledge and skills from various channels, and suitable time for relaxation and inspiration is surely more welcome than not.

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