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GMAT考试逻辑真题解析

时间:2020-10-14 14:27:27 报考指南 我要投稿

GMAT考试逻辑真题解析2017

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GMAT考试逻辑真题解析2017

  Debater: The average amount of overtime per month worked by an employee in the manufacturing division of the Haglut Corporation is 14 hours. Most employees of the Haglut Corporation work in the manufacturing division. Furthermore, the average amount of overtime per month worked by any employee in the company generally does not fluctuate much from month to month. Therefore, each month, most employees of the Haglut Corporation almost certainly work at least some overtime.

  The debater’s argument is most vulnerable to criticism on which of these grounds?

  (A) It takes for granted that the manufacturing division is a typical division of the corporation with regard to the average amount of overtime its employees work each month.

  (B) It takes for granted that if a certain average amount of overtime is worked each month by each employee of the Haglut Corporation, then approximately the same amount of overtime must be worked each month by each employee of the manufacturing division.

  (C) It confuses a claim from which the argument’s conclusion about the Haglut Corporation would necessarily follow with a claim that would follow from the argument’s conclusion only with a high degree of probability.

  (D) It overlooks the possibility that even if, on average, a certain amount of overtime is worked by the members of some group, many members of that group may work no overtime at all.

  (E) It overlooks the possibility that even if most employees of the corporation work some overtime each month, any one corporate employee may, in some months, work no overtime.

  题目类型:

  flaw

  题目翻译:

  辩论家:H公司制造部的某名员工每月加班的平均时间是14小时。绝大部分H公司的人员都在制造部工作。除此之外,每位员工每月的加班时间比较固定。因此,H公司的`员工每个月至少要加一段时间班。

  解题思路:

  无既定思路,逐项分析。

  逐项分析:

  A、题干并没有说“the manufacturing division is a typical division of the corporation with regard to the average amount of overtime”。

  B、题干并没有说“the manufacturing division is a typical division of the corporation with regard to the average amount of overtime”。

  C、模棱两可项。未指明哪一个claim。

  D、正确选项。某名员工的加班时间并不能代表该部门的平均加班时间。

  E、题干没有忽略这种可能性。

  正确选项:

  D

  【拓展阅读】GMAT逻辑题技巧

  什么是逻辑链解题法?

  在时间紧张的情况下,我们解题可能会考虑使用各种排除手法,或者有关无关,或者取非验证等。但是,使用这些“技术手段”选出来的答案,我们也很难保证正确性。所以,如果时间足够,还是建议大家用正常的思维解题。通过分析题目的逻辑链来找到破题点。

  如何用好逻辑链解题法?

  GMAT逻辑题会有不同的表述方式,怎么用逻辑链来推导呢?举一些例子,目的措施型的题目,措施<—>目的;因果关系型,不管有没有倒置,总是由因到果;现象结果性,现象<—>结论;观点对立型,这类题型本身就有鲜明的观点冲突,找到冲突点不就是推理的关键么?只不过,GMAT逻辑题目不光在考思维推理能力,逻辑题的很多条件不是顺序出现的,还有补充的背景知识,这些因素造成了推理的困难。但是逻辑出题有一定特点:要么就是加一些无关条件,要么就是如同拼图一样打乱顺序,掌握了基本的分析步骤,就可以快速剔除无用信息,理顺逻辑链。

  逻辑链解题的具体步骤

  虽然并不是每道GMAT逻辑题都会有一个鲜明的逻辑链,但是推导过程中,往往可以找到关键的考点,下面就讲一下大体的思路。

  首先看问题,看看问题的题型,看看问题中有没有关键性的词,然后就开始看题干。

  GMAT中考的是推理性的逻辑思维,推理无非就是正向思考和反向思考。在读题干的时候,其实就是一个正向的思维过程,考生不仅要理解题目所说的意思,同时也在紧张地进行正向的思维,把“逻辑链”推理一遍,在看完题干之后,由于有很多指示词的引导(比如because,thus,therefore,however等等),大体上大家的脑海中或者草稿纸上已经画出了一条简明的推理的逻辑链,用箭头表示出来。

  题干看完了,正向思维完了,逻辑链推导出来了,很多题目可以着手做了,但是还有一部分题目仍然无从下手。这时候就要用到逆向思维了,把已经推导出来的逻辑链,逆向分析,漏洞会在逆推中放大。

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